THE GHOUT OF EL OUED IN ALGERIA: A PATRIMONY AND A NATURAL HYDROAGRARIAN ALARM SYSTEM TO ADVANCE

H. KHEBIZI, B. BENLAOUKLI, M. CHAOUCHE, B. CHACHA

Abstract


The Ghouts of Sandrous location situated in the municipality of El Ogla, El Oued are an example of the protected original agrarian system of the Soufis people compared to other Ghouts areas. Six Ghouts have been visited to better understand the concepts of this ancestral patrimony. The anthropogenic constraints causing the deterioration of the Ghouts have been determined, notably the evolved oasis system, the pivot irrigation system, and the hydrodynamic disequilibrium where two scenarios are determined. The first is related to the rise in the static level of the watertable. This scenario indicates for the first time a flooded Ghout due to a lithological subsidence phenomenon. However, the second scenario relates to the drawdown in the static level of the watertable. This last scenario evokes the drying up of Ghout. Other anthropogenic constraints have been raised to find solutions. The field technique of El Beneia built to plant new palm trees called Baalis is used to determine the watertable static level in Ghout. It allows the introduction of Ghout’s technique for the first time as a reference technique named the hydroagrarian alarm system for better managing the watertable.


Keywords


El Oued, Algeria, Ghout, Patrimony, Watertable, Self-irrigation, Alarm system.

Full Text:

PDF

References


ABABOU R. (2007). Element of underground hydrogeology. Chapter 3, Version 6-1, Toulouse, France, 314p. (In French).

BALLAIS J. L. (2010) From mythical wadis to artificial rivers, the hydrography of the Algerian Lower Sahara, Physio-Geography, Vol.4, pp.107-127. (In French).

BARKAT A., BOUAICHA F., BOUTERAA O, MESTER T., ATA B., BALLA D., RAHALAND Z., SZABÓ G. (2021) Assessment of Complex Terminal Groundwater Aquifer for Different Use of Oued Souf Valley (Algeria) Using Multivariate Statistical Methods, Geostatistical Modeling, and Water Quality Index. Water, Vol. 13, Issue.11, 1609.

BARKAT A., BOUAICHA F., MESTER T., DEBABECHE M., and SZABÓ G. (2022). Assessment of Spatial Distribution and Temporal Variations of the Phreatic Groundwater Level Using Geostatistical Modelling: The Case of Oued Souf Valley-Southern East of Algeria, Water, Vol. 14, Issue. 9, Paper 1415.

BOULIFA K. (2012) Hydrogeological synthesis on El Oued Region -Algerian Sahara North oriental. Magister thesis, University of Constantine 1, Algeria, 197p. (In French).

BRAHIM M. (2016) Water and agrarian space in Oued Souf: case of the old palm grove. Magister thesis, University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla, Algeria, 113p. (In French).

CLAUDE B. (1960). Resources and relational life of the Sahara: The example of the Souf, Annals of Geography, Vol. 69, issue 375, pp. 493-507. (In French)

DADDI BOUHOUN M., SAKER M. L., HACINI M., OULD EL HADJ M., DIDI ET BRINIS L. (2011) Effects of rising groundwater on soil salinization in the Ghouts at Oued Souf (South East Algeria), Annals of Science and Technology Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 25-27 (In French).

DESPOIS J. (1958) The Souf and the Gourara (Sahara), Annals of Geography, Vol.67, Issue 361, pp. 263-264. (In French).

EL BERNAOUI O. (2015) Guide of techniques against sand encroachment in the Sahara, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Algeria. Center of Scientific and Technical Research on Arid Regions, 84p. (In French).

GUENDOUZ A. MOULLA. (2003) Hydrogeochemical and isotopic Evolution of Terminal Complex. Hydrogeology Journal, Vol. 11, pp. 483-495. (In French).

KHEBIZI H., BENLAOUKLI B., IDRI M.L., MOKRANI Y. (2022) Strategy for securing water resources in the Algerian Lower Sahara: Contribution of lithostratigraphic correlation. First National Meeting on the Protection and Preservation of Water Resources, Water security: Issues and challenges against of climate risks, Blida, pp. 136-138. (In French).

KHEBIZI H., BENLAOUKLI B., BOURAS O. (2022) Hydrogeochemical implications of evaporitic minerals on the watertable of El Oued: Application of multivariate statistical methods, IS and WQI (Lower Algerian Sahara). First National meeting on the Protection and Preservation of Water Resources. Water security: Issues and challenges against of climate risks, Blida, pp. 139-141. (In French).

MEDARAG NAROU BOUBIR H., FARHI A. (2009) The role of services and investments in the hypertrophy of El Oued city in the Lower Algerian Sahara, Environnement Urbain, Vol.3, pp.1-23. (In French).

OULD REBAI A., HARTANI T., CHABACA M., KUPER M. (2017) An incremental innovation: the design and distribution of an artisanal irrigation pivot in the Souf (Algerian Sahara), Agriculture notebook, Vol.26, Issue 3, pp. 1-9. (In French).

REMINI B. (2006). The disappearance of the Ghouts in the region of El Oued (Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 5, pp. 49-62. (In French).

REMINI B. (2019). The Foggara and the Ghout (Algeria): When the drilling sounds the decline, Larhyss Journal, No 39, pp. 275-297. (In French).

SENOUSSI A., BISSATI S., LEGHRISSI I. (2012) The Ghout in the Souf: The agony of an ingenious system, Review of Bioressources, Vol 2. Issue 1, pp 65-80. (In French).


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.