OPTIMIZING HYDROLOGICAL EXPLORATION THROUGH GIS-BASED GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONING IN GOMATI DISTRICT, TRIPURA, INDIA

S. DEB

Abstract


This study evaluates groundwater availability using an integrated approach combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), GIS and remote sensing techniques in Gomati District, Tripura. Diverse datasets including geology, rainfall, soil types, and remote sensing data are processed using Arc-GIS (Arc-map 10.3). These datasets are assigned weights according to Saaty's scale and subsequently normalized through the AHP. Arc-GIS overlay analysis shows that most of the Gomati district has excellent groundwater potential, with the good zone covering 81% (261.57 km²), the fair zone covering 16% (53.34 km²), and the excellent zone covering 3% (9.05 km²). Key findings indicate that lower drainage densities from the Debtamura hill range lead to higher groundwater potential due to increased infiltration. Dense vegetation and bare ground enhance recharge potential, while flatter terrains are more favorable for groundwater accumulation. Analyzing 33 years of rainfall data shows that higher altitudes receive more rainfall, further boosting groundwater potential.


Keywords


Arc-GIS, Groundwater, Slope analysis, Spatial tool, Remote sensing

Full Text:

PDF

References


ABDELBAKI C., ASNOUNI F., ASSOUD I., CHERIF Z.E.A., YAHIAOUI I. (2013). Contribution to the cartography of the groundwater quality of the urban group of Tlemcen (Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 16, pp. 7-19.

ABDULHAQ H.A., GEIGER J., VASS I., TÓTH T.M., MEDGYES T., SZANYI J. (2024). Transforming abandoned hydrocarbon fields into heat storage solutions: A Hungarian case study using enhanced multi-criteria decision analysis–analytic hierarchy process and geostatistical methods, Energies, Vol. 17, Issue 16, pp. 39-54.

ABDULLATEEF L., TIJANI M.N., NURU N.A., JOHN S., MUSTAPHA A. (2021). Assessment of groundwater recharge potential in a typical geological transition zone in Bauchi, NE-Nigeria using remote sensing/GIS and MCDA approaches, Heliyon, Vol.7, Issue 4.

ADJIM M., BENSAOULA F. (2013). Application of the drastic groundwater vulnerability mapping to the aquifer of Maghnia (north-west of Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 16, pp. 21-30.

ALLAFTA H., OPP C., PATRA S. (2020). Identification of groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and GIS techniques: a case study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin, Remote Sensing, Vol.13, Issue 1, Paper ID 112.

ANUSHA B.N., KUMAR B.P., RAJASEKHAR M., BABU K.R. (2022). Delineation of groundwater potential zones using geospatial and MCDM approaches in urban areas of Anantapur District, AP, India, Urban Climate, Vol. 46, Paper ID 101341.

ARYA S., SUBRAMANI T., KARUNANIDHI D. (2020). Delineation of groundwater potential zones and recommendation of artificial recharge structures for augmentation of groundwater resources in Vattamalaikarai Basin, South India, Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol.79, Issue 5, Paper ID 102.

BERREZEL Y.A., ABDELBAKI C., ROUISSAT B., BOUMAAZA T., KHALDOON A.M. (2023). Decision support system for the management of water distribution networks a case study of Tourville, Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 54, pp. 7-24.

BIELECKA E. (2020). GIS spatial analysis modeling for land use change. A bibliometric analysis of the intellectual base and trends, Geosciences, Vol.10, Issue 11, Paper ID 421.

BOUCHEMAL F., ACHOUR S. (2015). Physico-chemical quality and pollution parameters of groundwater in the Biskra region, Larhyss Journal, No 22, pp. 197-212. (In French)

BRUNELLI M. (2017). Studying a set of properties of inconsistency indices for pairwise comparisons, Annals of Operations Research, Vol. 248, pp. 143-161.

CARRARD N., FOSTER T., WILLETTS J. (2019). Groundwater as a source of drinking water in southeast Asia and the Pacific: A multi-country review of current reliance and resource concerns, Water, Vol.11, Issue 8, Paper ID 1605.

COULIBALY TALNAN J.H., COULIBALY N., FADIKA V., KOUADIO KOFFI C.A., SAVANE I., DEROIN J.P. (2016). Optimization positioning catchment works in the department of Katiola (north central Ivory Coast), Larhyss Journal, No 26, pp. 61-84.

DASS B., SEN S., BAMOLA V., SHARMA A., SEN D. (2021). Assessment of spring flows in Indian Himalayan micro-watersheds–A hydro-geological approach, Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 598, Paper ID 126354.

DEBBARMA J., NIBEDITA D. (2019). A spatio-temporal study on fluctuation in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon groundwater level in Tripura, North-East India, International Journal of Advanced Science Research and Management, Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 39-48.

DEBBARMA J., GHOSH A.K., ROY P.K., BANERJEE G. (2016). Study of identification of effective sand bed in aquifer zones using resistivity survey in Tripura: case studies, American Journal of Engineering Research, Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 111-120.

DEBNATH J., DEBBARMA J., DEBNATH A., MERAJ G., CHAND K., SINGH S.K., SAIKIA A. (2024). Flood susceptibility assessment of the Agartala Urban Watershed, India, using machine learning algorithm, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 196, Issue 2, Paper ID 110.

DERDOUR A., BELAM N., CHEBAB W. (2022). Traditional irrigation system and methods of water harvesting in the Oasis of Sfissifa Ksour mountains – Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 49, pp. 17-35.

DRIAS T., TOUBAL A.C. (2015). Mapping of the vulnerability to pollution of the Tebessa-Morsott alluvial water table (wadi Ksob watershed) far eastern Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 22, pp. 35-48.

FATAH K.K., MUSTAFA Y.T. (2022). Flood susceptibility mapping using an analytic hierarchy process model based on remote sensing and GIS approaches in Akre District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp. 123-151.

GHOSH A., CHAKRABORTY P.S., NALLUSAMY S., BALAKANNAN K. (2020). Impact of Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant on Gomati River, Tripura, Journal of Green Engineering, Vol. 10, pp. 11853-11871.

GOHIL M., MEHTA D., SHAIKH M. (2024). An integration of geospatial and fuzzy-logic techniques for multi-hazard mapping, Results in Engineering, Vol. 21, Paper ID 101758.

HAOUCHINE A., HAOUCHINE F.Z., LABADI A., (2015). Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using index based method. Case of Sebaou river aquifer (northern Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 24, pp. 337-349.

IHSAN T., DEROSYA V. (2024). Drinking water problems in rural areas: review of point-of-use methods to improve water quality and public health, Larhyss Journal, No 58, pp. 55-71.

JAISWAL T., JHARIYA D., SINGH S. (2023). Identification and mapping of groundwater potential zone using analytical hierarchy process and GIS in lower Kharun basin, Chhattisgarh, India, Larhyss Journal, No 53, pp. 117-143.

JAMAL M., KHATUN S., JHA S., MEHTA D., DIXIT S., KUMAR V., TIWARI D.K. (2024). Experimental investigation of the efficiency of stone revetment for different temporal variations with the static water condition, Journal of Water and Climate Change, vol. 15, issue 4, pp. 1969-1980.

KAKOTI R.K., SAIKIA J., DEKA S., GOGOI A., BARBORA A.C. (2019). Present status of Khasi Mandarin in Tripura state of North East India, International Journal of Chemical Studies, Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 2943-2948.

KARMAKAR B., SINGH M.K., CHOUDHARY B.K., SINGH S.K., EGBUERI J.C., GAUTAM S.K., RAWAT K.S. (2023). Investigation of the hydrogeochemistry, groundwater quality, and associated health risks in industrialized regions of Tripura, northeast India, Environmental Forensics, Vol. 24, Issues 5-6, pp. 285-306.

KERBOUB D., CHAMEKH K., FEHDI C., BOUDOUKHA A.R. (2016). Contribution of G.I.S in mapping pollution, case of the El-Kantara plain, south east of Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 27, pp. 175-185.

KERZABI R., MANSOUR H., YOUSFI S., MUDRY J., BENCHAIB A., BENTOUMI M.S. (2016). Factors for assessment of groundwater vulnerability in semi-arid and arid zones, Larhyss Journal, No 27, pp. 187-203.

KHAN D., SAMADDER S.R. (2015). A simplified multi-criteria evaluation model for landfill site ranking and selection based on AHP and GIS, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, Vol. 23, Issue 4, pp. 267-278.

KOUSSA M., BERHAIL S. (2021). Evaluation of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping groundwater nitrates concentrations - case study of Ain Elbel-Sidi Makhlouf syncline in the Djelfa region (Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 45, pp. 119-140.

KUMAR M., SINGH S.K., KUNDU A., TYAGI K., MENON J., FREDERICK A., LAL D. (2022). GIS-based multi-criteria approach to delineate groundwater prospect zone and its sensitivity analysis, Applied Water Science, Vol. 12, Issue 4, Paper ID 71.

KUMAR S., LUTHRA S., HALEEM A., MANGLA S.K., GARG D. (2015). Identification and evaluation of critical factors to technology transfer using AHP approach, International Strategic Management Review, Vol. 3, Issues 1-2, pp. 24-42.

KUMAR K., VERMA S., SAHU R., VERMA M. (2023). Analysis of rainfall trends in India, incorporating non-parametric tests and wavelet synopsis over the last 117 years, Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, Vol. 10, pp. 74-88.

LACOMBE G., DOUANGSAVANH S., VONGPHACHANH S., PAVELIC P. (2017). Regional assessment of groundwater recharge in the lower Mekong basin, Hydrology, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 60-72.

LEAL J.E. (2020). AHP-express: A simplified version of the analytical hierarchy process method, MethodsX, Vol. 7, Paper ID 100748.

MACHIWAL D., CLOUTIER V., GÜLER C., KAZAKIS N. (2018). A review of GIS-integrated statistical techniques for groundwater quality evaluation and protection, Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol. 77, Issue 19, Paper ID 681.

MAJUMDAR S., DAS PAN N. (2020). Combining opensource GIS and meta-analysis to link rainfall trend and human activity: case study on Gumti and Khowai drainage systems, Tripura, India, Spatial Information Research, Vol. 28, pp. 287-298.

MEHTA D., DHABUWALA J., YADAV S.M., KUMAR V., AZAMATHULLA H.M. (2023). Improving flood forecasting in Narmada river basin using hierarchical clustering and hydrological modeling, Results in Engineering, Vol. 20, Paper ID 101571.

MEHTA D., PATEL P., SHARMA N., ESLAMIAN S. (2024). Comparative analysis of DRASTIC and GOD model for groundwater vulnerability assessment, Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 671-694.

MENG F., KHAN M.I., NAQVI S.A.A., SARWAR A., ISLAM F., ALI M., FARAJ T.K. (2024). Identification and mapping of groundwater recharge zones using multi influencing factor and analytical hierarchy process, Scientific Reports, Vol. 14, Issue 1, Paper ID 19240.

NASIRI H., BOLOORANI A.D., SABOKBAR H.A.F., JAFARI H.R., HAMZEH M., RAFII Y. (2013). Determining the most suitable areas for artificial groundwater recharge via an integrated PROMETHEE II-AHP method in GIS environment (case study: Garabaygan Basin, Iran), Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 185, pp. 707-718.

PANDE C.B., MOHARIR K.N., PANNEERSELVAM B., SINGH S.K., ELBELTAGI A., PHAM Q.B., RAJESH J. (2021). Delineation of groundwater potential zones for sustainable development and planning using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and MIF techniques, Applied Water Science, Vol. 11, Issue 12, Paper ID 186.

PATEL A., RAMANA RAO K.V., RAJWADE Y.A., SAXENA C.K., SINGH K., SRIVASTAVA A. (2023a). Comparative analysis of MCDA techniques for identifying erosion-prone areas in the Burhanpur Watershed in Central India for the purposes of sustainable watershed management, Water, Vol. 15, Issue 22, Paper ID 3891.

PATEL D.D., MEHTA D.J., AZAMATHULLA H.M., SHAIKH M.M., JHA S., RATHNAYAKE U. (2023b). Application of the weighted arithmetic water quality index in assessing groundwater quality: A case study of the South Gujarat region, Water, Vol. 15, Issue 19, Paper ID 3512.

PATEL P., MEHTA D., SHARMA N. (2023c). Assigning the Weights to DRASTIC-L Model Parameters Using AHP Technique, Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 1, Paper ID 23.

PATEL P., MEHTA D.J., SHARMA N.D. (2023d). A GIS-based DRASTIC Model for Assessing Groundwater Quality Vulnerability: Case Study of Surat and its Surroundings, Journal of the Geological Society of India, Vol. 99, Issue 4, pp. 578-582.

PAUL R., BRINDHA K., GOWRISANKAR G., TAN M.L., SINGH M.K. (2019). Identification of hydrogeochemical processes controlling groundwater quality in Tripura, Northeast India using evaluation indices, GIS, and multivariate statistical methods, Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol. 78, pp. 1-16.

PETRUNI A., GIAGLOGLU E., DOUGLAS E., GENG J., LEVA M.C., DEMICHELA M. (2019). Applying Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to choose a human factors technique: Choosing the suitable Human Reliability Analysis technique for the automotive industry, Safety Science, Vol. 119, pp. 229-239.

ROY M.B., DEBBARMA J., HALDER S., ROY P‑K., PAL S., CHAUDHURI H., MONDAL M.K. (2024). Critical assessment of groundwater overflow zone for sustainable management in North East India, In BRICS Countries: Sustainable Water Resource Management and Pollution Control: Challenges and Opportunities, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 91-109.

ROY S.S., RAHMAN A., AHMED S., SHAHFAHAD, AHMAD I.A. (2020). Alarming groundwater depletion in the Delhi Metropolitan Region: a long-term assessment, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 192, pp. 1-14.

SAATY T.L., SHANG J.S. (2011). An innovative orders-of-magnitude approach to AHP-based multi-criteria decision making: Prioritizing divergent intangible humane acts, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 214, Issue 3, pp. 703-715.

SAATY T.L. (1990). Multicriteria decision making: the analytic hierarchy process: planning, priority setting, resource allocation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: RWS Publications.

SINGH S., DHOTE P.R., THAKUR P.K., CHOUKSEY A., AGGARWAL S.P. (2021). Identification of flash-floods-prone, river reaches in Beas river basin using GIS-based multi-criteria technique: validation using field and satellite observations, Natural Hazards, Vol. 105, pp. 2431-2453.

SORO T.D., FOSSOU N.M.R., BLE L.O., SORO G., AHOUSSI K.E., ADJIRI O.A., OGA Y.M.S., SORO N. (2020). Contribution of remote sensing and piezometry to the study of the tablecloth behavior of the high Bandama basin at Tortiya (northern Cote d’Ivoire), Larhyss Journal, No 44, pp. 7-29.

SRINIVAS R., SINGH A.P., DHADSE K., GARG C., DESHMUKH A. (2018). Sustainable management management of a river basin by integrating an improved fuzzy based hybridized SWOT model and geo-statistical weighted thematic overlay analysis, Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 563, pp. 92-105.

VERMA S.K., PRASAD A.D., VERMA M.K. (2022). An assessment of ongoing developments in water resources management incorporating SWAT model: Overview and perspectives, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol. 21, Issue 4, pp. 1963-1970.

VERMA S.K., SAHU R.T., SINGH H., PRASAD A.D., VERMA M.K. (2022). A study of Environmental and Ecological impacts due to Construction and Operation of Tehri-Polavaram Dam, In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Vol. 1032, No. 1, Paper ID 012020.

VERMA S., KUMAR K., VERMA M.K., PRASAD A.D., MEHTA D., RATHNAYAKE U. (2023). Comparative analysis of CMIP5 and CMIP6 in conjunction with the hydrological processes of reservoir catchment, Chhattisgarh, India, Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, Vol. 50, Paper ID 101533.

VERMA S., VERMA M.K., PRASAD A.D., MEHTA D., AZAMATHULLA H.M., MUTTIL N., RATHNAYAKE U. (2023). Simulating the hydrological processes under multiple land use/land cover and climate change scenarios in the mahanadi reservoir complex, Chhattisgarh, India. Water, Vol. 15, Issue 17, pp. 30-68.

VERMA D., SUPE J., VERMA S., SINGH R.R. (2024). Removal of Fluoride from Drinking Water by Utilizing Modified Bagasse Sugarcane as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Bilaspur City, Chhattisgarh, Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 69-81.

VERMA S., PRASAD A.D., VERMA M.K. (2024). A framework for the evaluation of MRP complex precipitation in a CORDEX-SA regional climate applied to REMO, International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, Vol. 17, Issue 1, pp. 17-45.

WANG W., MWIATHI N.F., LI C., LUO W., ZHANG X., AN Y., GAO X. (2022). Assessment of shallow aquifer vulnerability to fluoride contamination using modified AHP-DRASTICH model as a tool for effective groundwater management, a case study in Yuncheng Basin, China, Chemosphere, Vol. 286, Paper ID 131601.

WONG J.K., LI H. (2008). Application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in multi-criteria analysis of the selection of intelligent building systems, Building and Environment, Vol. 43, Issue 1, pp. 108-125.

WU W.Y., LO M.H., WADA Y., FAMIGLIETTI J.S., REAGER J.T., YEH P.J.F., YANG Z.L. (2020). Divergent effects of climate change on future groundwater availability in key mid-latitude aquifers, Nature communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1, Paper ID 3710.

ZEGAIT R., REMINI B., BENSAHA H. (2021). Groundwater vulnerability assessment in the M’Zab valley - southern Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 48, pp. 211-234.

ZYOUD S.H., FUCHS-HANUSCH D. (2017). A bibliometric-based survey on AHP and TOPSIS techniques, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 78, pp. 158-181.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.