A NOVEL FUNGAL-BASED APPROACH FOR THE SUSTAINABLE TREATMENT OF LANDFILL LEACHATE

I.M.r LAD, B.B. PATEL, D.R. TIPRE, A.V. PRAJAPATI

Abstract


Leachate, a wastewater generated from a solid waste landfill, usually falls in the high-strength wastewater category, containing both organic and inorganic pollutants. In this study, an attempt was made to utilize the Aspergillus and Mucor fungi for leachate treatment, as fungi possess excellent recalcitrant compound degradability for wastewater treatment. Their faster growth, enzyme versatility, nutrient removal abilities, and biosorption properties make them promising technologies for future research and applications. Three identical lab scale reactors of 3 L were used with different fungal species i.e. Aspergillus (RA), Mucor (RB), and combination of Aspergillus and Mucor (RC). Stainless steel pall rings were packed in each reactor which occupied 35% of reactor volume, which provided the support for the growth of the fungi and for abundant surface area for fungal growth. The reactors were investigated simultaneously for leachate treatment. The entire experiments have been carried out using various leachate dilutions, starting from 10% to 100% (with 20% interval), with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7 h with recycling. The reduction of various pollution parameters, specifically COD and TSS, was measured in a batch scale. The reactor with Mucor fungi performed superior to other two at all dilution level. Hence, fungi can be provided sustainable and economical option for pre-treatment of leachate.


Keywords


Leachate, Fungi, Aspergillus, Mucor, Stainless steel pall rings, Biosorption

Full Text:

PDF

References


ABBASI B. (2018). Removal of Dye by Biological Methods Using Fungi, International Journal of Medical Reviews, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 112–118.

ABDULLAH N., WAN RAZARINAH W.A.R., MAHMOOD N.Z., TAHA R.M. (2013). Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Ganoderma Australe Mycelia Immobilized on Eco mat, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 4, Issue 5, pp. 483-487.

ACHOUR S., GUERGAZI S., GUESBAYA N., SEGHAIRI N., YOUCEF L., (2002). Impact of chlorination, flocculation, and adsorption processes on the evolution of organic and mineral compounds in natural water, Larhyss Journal, No 1, pp. 107-128. (In French)

ACHOUR S., CHABBI F. (2014). Disinfection of drinking water-constraints and optimization perspectives in Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 19, pp. 193-212.

ACHOUR S., TIBERMACINE A.A., CHABBI F. (2017). Iron and Manganese in natural waters and chemical oxidation methods. case of Algerian waters, Larhyss Journal, No 32, pp. 139-154. (In French)

ADAMCOVÁ D., RADZIEMSKA M., ZLOCH J., VAVERKOVÁ M.D. (2017). Removal of landfill leachate toxicity by adsorption on white rot fungi (Pleurotus Ostreatus), Polish Journal of Natural Sciences, Vol. 32, Issue 4, pp. 761–770.

AKHTAR N., MANNAN M.A. (2020). Mycoremediation: Expunging environmental pollutants, Biotechnology Reports, Vol. 26, Article Number e00452, pp. 1-10.

AROUA-BERKAT S., AROUA N. (2022). Opportunities and challenges for wastewater reuse in Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 51, pp. 7-17.

AW S., N’GORAN E.B.Z., KOFFI G.A.R., ASSIDJO N.E. (2016). Studying fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) from Yamoussoukro lakes (Cote d'Ivoire) using the parallel factors analysis (PARAFAC), Larhyss Journal, No 26, pp. 31-44. (In French)

BABA HAMED S. (2021). Impact of water pollution on public health and the environment in Oran, Larhyss Journal, No 45, pp. 203-222.

BACHA N., ACHOUR S. (2023). Polymeric humic material removal by coagulation-flocculation stoichiometric dosage aluminum sulphate/humic acid in saline aqueous media, Larhyss Journal, No 53, pp. 199-217.

BOUAOUINE O., KHALIL F., CHTIOUI H., ZAITAN H., HARRACH A. (2015). Electrocoagulation treatment of leachate from the controlled public landfill of the city of Fes (Morocco), Larhyss Journal, No 23, pp. 53-67. (In French)

BOUCHEMAL F., ACHOUR S. (2015). Physico-chemical quality and pollution parameters of groundwater in the Biskra region, Larhyss Journal, No 22, pp. 197-212. (In French)

HADOURIA R., DAS S., KUMAR A., SINGH R., SINGH V.K. (2020). Mycoremediation of agrochemicals, Agrochemicals Detection, Treatment and Remediation: Pesticides and Chemical Fertilizers, No 11, pp. 593–620.

CHADEE A.A., RATHORE K., CHOUDHARY L.A., VERMA S., MEHTA D. (2024). The korba coal mining zone in India assessment of risk health and pollutant sources, Larhyss Journal, No 60, pp. 113-131.

CHITALE R., THORAT S., DUDHAL A. (2022). Studies on industrial waste water fungi from Baramati MIDC area, district Pune, Maharashtra, India, International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 115–118.

CHOKSI K. N., SHETH M. A., MEHTA D. (2015a). To assess the performance of Sewage Treatment Plant: A Case study of Surat city, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 8, pp. 1071-1075.

CHOKSI K. N., SHETH M. A., MEHTA D. (2015b). To evaluate the performance of Sewage Treatment Plant: A Case study, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 8, pp. 1076-1080.

COLLADO S., OULEGO P., SUÁREZ-IGLESIAS O., DÍAZ M. (2019). Leachates and natural organic matter. A review of their biotreatment using fungi, Waste Management, No 96, pp. 108–120.

DÍAZ A.I., LACA A., DÍAZ M. (2022). Approach to a fungal treatment of a biologically treated landfill leachate, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 322, Article Number 116085, pp. 1-8.

EL GHAMMAT A., TEMSAMANI RIFFI K., HASSANI ZERROUK M. (2019). A study of the performance of a sequential bioreactor plant for the treatment of dairy effluents, Larhyss Journal, No 37, pp. 7-21. (In French)

EL KHARMOUZ M., SBAA M., CHAFI A., SAADI S. (2013). Study of the impact of leachate from the former public landfill of the city of Oujda (Eastern Morocco) on the physicochemical quality of groundwater and surface water, Larhyss Journal, No 16, pp. 105-119. (In French)

ER X.Y., SEOW T.W., LIM C.K., IBRAHIM Z., CHAN N.W. (2018). Landfill leachate management by using combined adsorption and biological treatment, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, Article Number 020041, pp. 1-6.

FAYE C. (2017). Water pollution challenges, a threat to public health: strengths and weaknesses of water laws and policies in Senegal, Larhyss Journal, No 32, pp. 107-126. (In French)

FERREIRA J.A., VARJANI S., TAHERZADEH M.J. (2020). A Critical Review on the Ubiquitous Role of Filamentous Fungi in Pollution Mitigation, Current Pollution Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 4, pp. 295–309.

GAOUAR Y.M., GAOUAR B.N. (2016). Best available technology assessment of three existing processes in waste water treatment field, Larhyss Journal, No 27, pp. 105-123.

GHOMRI F., LAHSINI A., LAAJEB A., ADDAOU A. (2013). The removal of heavy metal ions (copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt) by natural bentonite, Larhyss Journal, No 12, pp. 37-54.

GHYADH B.A., AL-ASHOOR A.S., IBRAHIM Z.M. (2019). Biotechnology of Wastewater Treatment with Fungi (Aspergillus Niger and Rhizopus Oligosporium), Plant Archives, Vol. 19, Issue 2, pp. 1546–1549.

HADDAD H., GHOUALEM H. (2014). Physicochemical characterization of the waters of the Algiers coastal hydrographic basin, Larhyss Journal, No 18, pp. 155-167. (In French).

HAOUCHINE A., NEDJAI R., MOTELICA-HEINO M., NEMER Z. (2024). Characterization of the spatio-temporal dynamic of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the ponds of Brenne (France) using EEM-PARAFAC model, Larhyss Journal, No 60, pp. 273-291.

HULTBERG M., AHRENS L., GOLOVKO O. (2020). Use of lignocellulosic substrate colonized by oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) for removal of organic micropollutants from water, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 272, Article Number 111087, pp. 1-6.

IHSAN T., DEROSYA V. (2024). Drinking water problems in rural areas: review of point-of-use methods to improve water quality and public health, Larhyss Journal, No 58, pp. 55-71.

JAYASENA H.A.H., RATHNAYAKE R.D.D.P., CHANDRASENA M.G.P.N., RANATHUNGA B.P.D.W. (2021). A classic example of urban-rural linkages through ancient Voda Ela in Sri Lanka - symbiosis of total environment on efficient water management, Larhyss Journal, No 47, pp. 59-82.

KAUSHIK P., MALIK A. (2009). Fungal dye decolourization: Recent advances and future potential, Environment International, Vol. 35, Issue 1, pp. 127–141.

KOUASSI A.E., AHOUSSI K.E., KOFFI Y.B., KOUAME I.K., SORO N. (2014). Physicochemical characterization of leachate from a west African landfill: the case of the Akouedo landfill (Abidjan-Ivory Coast), Larhyss Journal, No 19, pp. 63-74. (In French)

KOZAK M., CIRIK K. (2024). Combined treatment of domestic wastewater with landfill leachate using aerobic moving bed bioreactor (AeMBBR), Environmental Research and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 35-43.

LACINA C., GERMAIN G., SPIROS A.N. (2003). Utilization of fungi for biotreatment of raw wastewaters, African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 2, Issue 12, pp. 735–753.

LAGHZAL A., SALMOUN F. (2014). Contribution to the characterisation of the physico chemical quality of water of some springs in the region of Tangier-Tetouan (Morocco), Larhyss Journal, No 20, pp. 7-24.

LARAKEB M., YOUCEF L., ACHOUR S. (2014). Comparative study of zinc removal by adsorption on goethite and Maghnia bentonite, Larhyss Journal, No 19, pp. 87-100. (In French)

LEGORRETA-CASTAÑEDA A.J., LUCHO-CONSTANTINO C.A., BELTRÁN-HERNÁNDEZ R.I., CORONEL-OLIVARES C., VÁZQUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ G.A. (2020), Biosorption of water pollutants by fungal pellets, Water (Switzerland), Vol. 12, Issue 4, pp. 1-38.

MOHAMAD N.D., ABDUL HAMID N.S., RAMLI R.R., AHMAD KAMAL N., ABDUL ADIS A.A. (2024). Water quality assessment at royal Belum state park, Perak, Malaysia, Larhyss Journal, No 57, pp. 101-120.

MORADI S., RAEISI N., MEHTA D., ESLAMIAN S. (2025). Investigation of the effect of water treatment plant effluent on river quality: a case study, International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, Vol. 36, Issue 4, pp. 438-451.

MUSTAFA H.K., ANWER S.S., ZRARY T.J. (2023). Influence of pH, agitation speed, and temperature on growth of fungi isolated from Koya, Iraq, Kuwait Journal of Science, Vol. 50, Issue 4, pp. 657-664.

PANDEY P., MISHRA R., CHAUHAN R.K. (2022). Future prospects in the implementation of a real-time smart water supply management and water quality monitoring system, Larhyss Journal, No 51, pp. 237-252.

RAGHAB S.M., ABD EL MEGUID A.M., HEGAZI H.A. (2013). Treatment of leachate from municipal solid waste landfill, HBRC Journal, Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp. 187–192.

SAADI S., KHATTACH D., EL KHARMOUZ M. (2014). Geophysics and physico-chemical coupled approach of the groundwater contamination. application in a pollution by the landfill leachate of Oujda city (Eastern Morocco), Larhyss Journal, No 19, pp. 7-17.

SANKARAN S., KHANAL S.K., JASTI N JIN B., POMETTO A.L., VAN LEEUWEN J.H. (2010). Use of filamentous fungi for wastewater treatment and production of high value fungal byproducts: A review, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 5, pp. 400-449.

SBAI G., LOUKLI M. (2015). Electrochemical treatment of margins and identification of compounds before and after treatment by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy, Larhyss Journal, No 22, pp. 139-152. (In French)

SHAH H., YUSOF F., ALAM M.Z. (2021). A new technique to estimate percentage decolorization of synthetic dyes on solid media by extracellular laccase from white-rot fungus, Bioremediation Journal, Vol. 27, Issue 1, pp. 66–74.

SHARMA A., BHARTI D. (2025). Role of fungi in wastewater treatment: recent trends and mechanism, Biotechnologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, No 2025, pp. 77–92.

SPINA F., ANASTASI A., PRIGIONE V., TIGINI V., VARESE G.C. (2012). Biological treatment of industrial wastewaters: A fungal approach, Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol. 27, pp. 175–180.

SPINA F., TIGINI V., ROMAGNOLO A., VARESE G.C. (2018). Bioremediation of landfill leachate with fungi: Autochthonous vs. allochthonous strains, Life, Vol 8, Issue 3, pp. 1-15.

SWARNAKAR A.K., BAJPAI S., AHMAD I. (2023). Comparative study of pilot-scale soil base horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland under different operational conditions for wastewater treatment, Larhyss Journal, No 56, pp. 39-54.

TIGINI V., SPINA F., ROMAGNOLO A., PRIGIONE V., VARESE G.C. (2013). Effective biological treatment of landfill leachates by means of selected white rot fungi, Chemical Engineering Transactions, No 32, pp. 265–270.

TIWARI P., PARK K. (2024). Advanced Fungal Biotechnologies in Accomplishing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): What Do We Know and What Comes Next? Journal of Fungi, Vol. 10, Issue 7, pp. 1-19

TKACZUK C., MAJCHROWSKA-SAFARYAN A. (2023). Temperature Requirements for the Colony Growth and Conidial Germination of Selected Isolates of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Cordyceps and Paecilomyces Genera, Agriculture, Vol. 13, Issue 10, pp. 1-12.

VERMA D., SUPE J., VERMA S., SINGH R. R. (2024). Removal of Fluoride from Drinking Water by Utilizing Modified Bagasse Sugarcane as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Bilaspur City, Chhattisgarh, Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 69–81.

VYAS U., PATEL D., VAKHARIA V., JODHANI K. H. (2024). Integrating GEE and IWQI for sustainable irrigation: A geospatial water quality assessment, Groundwater for Sustainable Development, Vol. 27, Article Number 101332.

WAN RAZARINAH W.A.R., NOOR ZALINA M., NOORLIDAH ABDULLAH. (2011). Screening Method for Selecting the Potential Fungi for Use in the Bioremediation of Leachate, International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, No 6, pp. 191–194.

WAN RAZARINAH W.A.R., ZALINA M.N., ABDULLAH N. (2015). Utilization of the White-rot Fungus, Trametes menziesii for Landfill Leachate Treatment, Sains Malaysiana, Vol. 44, Issue 3, pp. 309–316.

WANG K., LI L., TAN F., WU D. (2018). Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Activated Sludge Technology: A Review, Archaea, Vol. 2018, pp. 1-10.

YADAV S., KHAN F., RATHORE K., VERMA S., MEHTA D. (2024). Household Wastewater Treatment with the Aid of Activated Charcoal, Larhyss Journal, No 60, pp. 69-81.

ZAIDI K., DJEDDOU M., SEKIOU F., HAMEED I.A., SHAWAQFAH M. (2023). Predictive modelling of daily dried sludge production in full-scale wastewater treatment plant using different machine learning combined with empirical mode decomposition, Larhyss Journal, No 56, pp. 77-106.

ZHUO R., FAN F. (2021). A comprehensive insight into the application of white rot fungi and their lignocellulolytic enzymes in the removal of organic pollutants, Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 778, Article Number 146132, pp. 1-38.

ZIATI M, CHERIFI O., YAHIA Z. (2018). Removal of chemical oxygen demand from tannery wastewater by Fenton’s reagent, Larhyss Journal, No 33, pp. 111-121.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.